Nibihe bikoresho byiza bya maska ​​ya coronavirus?

Abahanga barimo kugerageza ibikenerwa buri munsi kugirango babone ingamba nziza zo gukingira coronavirus.Imanza za pillow, flannel pajamas hamwe na origami vacuum imifuka bose ni abakandida.
Abashinzwe ubuzima muri leta ubu barasaba gukoresha imyenda yo gupfuka mu maso mugihe cyorezo cya coronavirus.Ariko ni ibihe bikoresho bitanga uburinzi cyane?
Ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara cyasohoye uburyo bwa mask butagira kashe bukozwe mu ntoki no muyungurura ikawa, ndetse na videwo zivuga gukora masike ukoresheje amabuye ya reberi hamwe n’imyenda iziritse iboneka mu rugo.
Nubwo gupfuka mu maso byoroshye bishobora kugabanya ikwirakwizwa rya coronavirus mu gukumira bagiteri zo mu mahanga ziterwa no gukorora cyangwa kwitsamura umuntu wanduye, abahanga bavuga ko urugero masike yo mu rugo ishobora kurinda uwambaye kuri bagiteri biterwa n’ibicuruzwa bikwiriye Igitsina ndetse n’ubuziranenge.Ibikoresho byakoreshejwe.
Abahanga mu gihugu hose biyemeje kumenya ibikoresho bya buri munsi bishobora gushungura neza uduce duto twa microscopique.Mu bizamini biheruka, HEPA muyungurura, imifuka isukura vacuum, imisego 600 y umusego nigitambara gisa na pajama ya flannel yatsinze amanota menshi.Akayunguruzo ka kawa gashizwemo amanota mu rugero.Ibikoresho bya Scarf hamwe nigitambaro byatsinze amanota make, ariko bigifata umubare muto wibice.
Niba udafite ibikoresho byapimwe, ikizamini cyoroshye cyumucyo kirashobora kugufasha kumenya niba umwenda ari amahitamo meza ya masike.
Dr. Scott Segal, ukuriye anesthesiologiya mu buzima bwa Wake Forest Baptist Health, yagize ati: “Shyira munsi y’umucyo mwinshi,” aherutse kwiga masike yakozwe mu rugo.Ati: "Niba koko urumuri runyuze muri fibre byoroshye kandi ushobora kubona hafi ya fibre, ntabwo rero ari umwenda mwiza.Niba uboshye ibikoresho binini kandi urumuri ntirunyure muri byinshi, nicyo ushaka gukoresha ibikoresho. ”
Abashakashatsi bavuze ko ari ngombwa kwibuka ko ubushakashatsi bwa laboratoire bwakozwe mu bihe byiza nta suka cyangwa icyuho kiri muri mask, ariko uburyo bwo gupima buduha uburyo bwo kugereranya ibikoresho.Nubwo urwego rwo kuyungurura masike amwe n'amwe yakozwe murugo asa nkaho ari make, benshi muritwe (guma murugo no gutandukana nabantu ahantu hahurira abantu benshi) ntabwo dukeneye urwego rwo hejuru rwo kurinda abakozi bo mubuvuzi bakeneye.Icy'ingenzi cyane, mask yo mumaso yose iruta kutagira mask yo mumaso, cyane cyane iyo umuntu wanduye virusi ariko atazi virusi ayambara.
Ikibazo gikomeye muguhitamo ibikoresho byakozwe na mask ni ugushaka umwenda wuzuye kugirango ufate virusi, nyamara uhumeka kandi uhagije kwambara.Ibintu bimwe bizwi kuri interineti bifite amanota menshi yo kuyungurura, ariko ibi bikoresho ntibizashira.
Wang Wang, umwungirije wungirije ushinzwe ibijyanye n’ibidukikije muri kaminuza ya Missouri y’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga ya Missouri, yakoranye n’abanyeshuri barangije icyiciro cya mbere cy’ibikoresho bitandukanye, birimo akayunguruzo ko mu kirere n’imyenda.Muganga Wang yagize ati: “Ukeneye ibintu bishobora gukuraho neza ibice, ariko ugomba no guhumeka.”Muganga Wang yatsindiye igihembo mpuzamahanga cyubushakashatsi bwindege.
Kugirango bapime ibikoresho bya buri munsi, abahanga bakoresha uburyo busa nubukoreshwa mu gupima masike y’ubuvuzi, kandi buri wese yemera ko abaganga bahura na virusi nyinshi ziterwa no gusura abanduye bagomba gusonerwa amafaranga.Ibyiza byubuvuzi byiza byitwa maska ​​ya N95-kuyungurura byibuze 95% byuduce duto nka microni 0.3.Ibinyuranye, mask isanzwe yo kubaga (ikozwe hifashishijwe urukiramende rusize urukiramende rufite impeta zoroshye) zifite akayunguruzo ka 60% kugeza 80%.
Itsinda rya Dr. Wang ryagerageje ubwoko bubiri bwo kuyungurura ikirere.Akayunguruzo ka HVAC kagabanya allergie ikora neza, hamwe nigice kimwe gifata 89% byibice naho ibice bibiri bifata 94% byuduce.Akayunguruzo k'itanura gafata 75% by'amazi mubice bibiri, ariko bisaba ibice bitandatu kugirango bigere kuri 95%.Kugirango ubone akayunguruzo gasa nako kageragejwe, reba byibuze raporo yerekana agaciro (MERV) igipimo cya 12 cyangwa kirenga, cyangwa igipimo cyerekana imikorere ya 1900 cyangwa irenga.
Ikibazo hamwe nayunguruzo rwo mu kirere nuko bashobora guta utuntu duto duto dushobora guhumeka nabi.Kubwibyo, niba ushaka gukoresha akayunguruzo, ugomba sandwich kuyungurura hagati yimyenda ibiri yigitambara.Dr. Wang yavuze ko umwe mu banyeshuri barangije yakoze mask ye akurikije amabwiriza ari kuri videwo ya CDC, ariko yongeraho ibice byinshi by'ibikoresho byo kuyungurura ku gitambaro cya kare.
Itsinda rya Dr. Wang ryasanze kandi iyo ukoresheje imyenda ikunze gukoreshwa, ibice bibiri bitanga uburinzi buke ugereranije na bine.Ikariso-600-yo kubara umusego w umusego irashobora gufata 22% gusa yingingo iyo ikubye kabiri, ariko ibice bine birashobora gufata hafi 60% byibice.Igitambaro cyubwoya bwubwoya bwungurura 21% byibice mubice bibiri na 48.8% byibice mubice bine.Igitambaro cy'ipamba 100% cyakoze nabi cyane, bingana na 18.2% gusa iyo bikubye kabiri, na 19.5% gusa mubice bine.
Iri tsinda ryagerageje kandi Brew Rite na Natural Brew agaseke ka kawa.Iyo ikawa iyungurura ishyizwe mubice bitatu, kuyungurura ni 40% kugeza 50%, ariko umwuka wacyo uri munsi yandi mahitamo.
Niba ufite amahirwe yo kumenya igitambara, ubasabe kugukorera mask.Ibizamini byakorewe mu kigo cy’ubuvuzi cya Wake Forest Regenerative Medicine i Winston Salem, muri Leta ya Carolina y’Amajyaruguru, cyerekanye ko masike yakozwe mu rugo ikozwe mu gukoresha imyenda idoze yakoraga neza.Dr. Segal wo mu isuku ry’abatisita rya Wake Forest, ushinzwe ubu bushakashatsi, yagaragaje ko ingofero zikunda gukoresha ipamba nziza kandi nziza.Mu bushakashatsi bwe, masike nziza yakozwe mu rugo ni meza nka masike yo kubaga, cyangwa meza gato, kandi intera yapimwe ni 70% kugeza 79%.Dr. Segal yavuze ko igipimo cyo kuyungurura masike yo mu rugo ukoresheje imyenda yaka ari munsi ya 1%.
Ibishushanyo mbonera byakozwe neza ni masike ikozwe mubice bibiri byujuje ubuziranenge buremereye "ipamba yuburiri", masike yamagorofa abiri akozwe mu mwenda wa batik, kandi imbere yimbere ya flannel no hanze.Mask ebyiri.ipamba.
Bonnie Browning, umuyobozi mukuru w’ishyirahamwe ry’abanyamerika badoda ubudozi, yavuze ko ingofero zikunda impamba ziboheye cyane n’imyenda ya batik, izahagarara igihe.Madamu Browning yavuze ko imashini nyinshi zidoda zishobora gukora imyenda ibiri gusa iyo ikora masike ishimishije, ariko abantu bashaka ibice bine byo kubarinda barashobora kwambara masike ebyiri icyarimwe.
Madamu Browning yavuze ko aherutse guhura n'igitambara kuri Facebook maze yumva amajwi y'abantu 71, bakoze masike agera ku 15.000.Madamu Browning utuye i Paducah, muri Kentucky, yagize ati: “Imashini zacu zidoda ziragoye cyane.”Ikintu benshi muri twe bafite ni uguhisha imyenda.
Abadoda barashobora kugerageza mask ya origami yikubye yakozwe na Jiang Wu Wu, umwungirije wungirije ushinzwe igishushanyo mbonera muri kaminuza ya Indiana.Madamu Wu azwiho ibihangano bitangaje.Yavuze ko kuva murumuna we yabisabye muri Hong Kong (ubusanzwe iyo yambaye mask), yatangiye gushushanya ubwoko bwikubye hamwe nibikoresho byubuvuzi nubwubatsi byitwa Tyvek hamwe n umufuka wa vacuum.Masike.ni..Mu bizamini byakozwe na kaminuza ya Missouri na kaminuza ya Virijiniya, abahanga basanze umufuka wa vacuum wakuyemo 60% kugeza kuri 87% by'uduce.Nyamara, ibirango bimwe byimifuka ya vacuum birashobora kuba birimo fiberglass cyangwa bigoye guhumeka kuruta ibindi bikoresho, ntibigomba gukoreshwa.Madamu Wu yakoresheje umufuka wo muri EnviroCare Technologies.Isosiyete yavuze ko idakoresha fibre y'ibirahure mu mifuka yayo y'impapuro no mu mifuka ya fibre.
Madamu Wu yagize ati: “Ndashaka guhitamo abantu badoda.”Arimo kuvugana nitsinda ritandukanye kugirango abone ibindi bikoresho bifite akamaro mukuzinga masike.Ati: “Urebye ibura ry'ibikoresho bitandukanye, ndetse n'isakoshi ya vacuum irashobora kubura.”
Umubyimba usanzwe ukoreshwa nabahanga bakora ikizamini ni microni 0.3 kuko aribwo buryo bwo gupima bukoreshwa n'ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe umutekano n’ubuzima ku masiki y’ubuvuzi.
Linsey Marr, umuhanga mu bya aerosol muri Virginia Tech akaba n'inzobere mu kwanduza virusi, yavuze ko uburyo bwo gutanga ibyemezo ku bahumeka no muyungurura HEPA bwibanda kuri micron 0.3, kubera ko ibice by'ubunini ari byo bigoye gufata.Yavuze ko nubwo bisa nkaho bivuguruzanya, uduce duto duto twa 0.1 micron mubyukuri byoroshye kuyifata kuko bafite ingendo nyinshi zidasanzwe zituma bakubita fibre.
Ati: “Nubwo coronavirus yaba microni 0.1, izareremba mubunini butandukanye kuva kuri 0.2 kugeza kuri microni magana.Ni ukubera ko abantu barekura virusi mu bitonyanga byubuhumekero, birimo umunyu mwinshi.Poroteyine n'ibindi bintu, ”Dr. Marr, nubwo amazi yo mu bitonyanga yahumuka burundu, haracyari umunyu mwinshi, kandi poroteyine n'ibindi bisigazwa bikomeza kuba mu buryo bukomeye cyangwa busa na gel.Ndibwira ko microne 0.3 iracyafite akamaro kubuyobozi kuko byibura filtration ikora neza izaba hafi yubunini, aribyo NIOSH ikoresha.”


Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-05-2021